INDUSTRY OVERVIEW
The WBG Power Devices market is experiencing robust growth, projected to achieve a compound annual growth rate CAGR of 20.30% during the forecast period. Valued at USD3Billion, the market is expected to reach USD13Billion by 2030, with a year-on-year growth rate of 20.30%. This upward trajectory is driven by factors such as evolving consumer preferences, technological advancements, and increased investment in innovation, positioning the market for significant expansion in the coming years. Companies should strategically focus on enhancing their offerings and exploring new market opportunities to capitalize on this growth potential.
WBG Power Devices Market Size in (USD Billion) CAGR Growth Rate 20.30%
| Study Period |
2019-2030 |
| Market Size (2023): |
USD3Billion |
| Market Size (2030): |
USD13Billion |
| CAGR (2023 - 2030): |
20.30% |
| Fastest Growing Region |
North America |
| Dominating Region |
Asia Pacific |
www.www.htfmarketinsights.com
Regulatory Framework
The Information and Communications Technology (ICT) industry is primarily regulated by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the United States, along with other national and international regulatory bodies. The FCC oversees the allocation of spectrum, ensures compliance with telecommunications laws, and fosters fair competition within the sector. It also establishes guidelines for data privacy, cybersecurity, and service accessibility, which are crucial for maintaining industry standards and protecting consumer interests.
Globally, various regulatory agencies, such as the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) and the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), play significant roles in standardizing practices and facilitating international cooperation. These bodies work together to create a cohesive regulatory framework that addresses emerging technologies, cross-border data flow, and infrastructure development. Their regulations aim to ensure the ICT industry's growth is both innovative and compliant with global standards, promoting a secure and competitive market environment.
Request for Customization
Get Customization
Key Highlights
• The WBG Power Devices is growing at a CAGR of 20.30% during the forecasted period of 2019 to 2030
• Year on Year growth for the market is 20.30%
• Based on type, the market is bifurcated into SiC, GaN, Power Modules, Power Devices
• Based on application, the market is segmented into Power Electronics, Electric Vehicles, Industrial Equipment, Aerospace, Renewable Energy
• Global Import Export in terms of K Tons, K Units, and Metric Tons will be provided if Applicable based on industry best practice
Market Segmentation Analysis
Segmentation by Type
- SiC
- GaN
- Power Modules
- Power Devices
WBG Power Devices Market Segmentation by Type
www.htfmarketinsights.com
Segmentation by Application
- Power Electronics
- Electric Vehicles
- Industrial Equipment
- Aerospace
- Renewable Energy
WBG Power Devices Market Segmentation by Application
www.htfmarketinsights.com
Key Players
Several key players in the WBG Power Devices market are strategically focusing on expanding their operations in developing regions to capture a larger market share, particularly as the year-on-year growth rate for the market stands at 20.30%. The companies featured in this profile were selected based on insights from primary experts, evaluating their market penetration, product offerings, and geographical reach. By targeting emerging markets, these companies aim to leverage new opportunities, enhance their competitive advantage, and drive revenue growth. This approach not only aligns with their overall business objectives but also positions them to respond effectively to the evolving demands of consumers in these regions.
- Cree
- Wolfspeed
- STMicroelectronics
- ON Semiconductor
- Infineon Technologies
- Texas Instruments
- Mitsubishi Electric
- Fuji Electric
- NXP
- Broadcom
- Renesas
- Analog Devices
- Vishay Intertechnology
- ROHM
WBG Power Devices Market Segmentation by Players
www.htfmarketinsights.com
Research Methodology
At HTF Market Intelligence, we pride ourselves on delivering comprehensive market research that combines both secondary and primary methodologies. Our secondary research involves rigorous analysis of existing data sources, such as industry reports, market databases, and competitive landscapes, to provide a robust foundation of market knowledge. This is complemented by our primary research services, where we gather firsthand data through surveys, interviews, and focus groups tailored specifically to your business needs. By integrating these approaches, we offer a thorough understanding of market trends, consumer behavior, and competitive dynamics, enabling you to make well-informed strategic decisions. We would welcome the opportunity to discuss how our research expertise can support your business objectives.
Market dynamics refer to the forces that influence the supply and demand of products and services within a market. These forces include factors such as consumer preferences, technological advancements, regulatory changes, economic conditions, and competitive actions. Understanding market dynamics is crucial for businesses as it helps them anticipate changes, identify opportunities, and mitigate risks.
By analyzing market dynamics, companies can better understand market trends, predict potential shifts, and develop strategic responses. This analysis enables businesses to align their product offerings, pricing strategies, and marketing efforts with evolving market conditions, ultimately leading to more informed decision-making and a stronger competitive position in the marketplace.
Market Driver
Market Trend
Opportunity
Challenge
Regional Outlook
The Asia Pacific Region holds the largest market share in 2023 and is expected to grow at a good CAGR. The North America Region is the fastest-growing region due to increasing development and disposable income.
North America remains a leader, driven by innovation hubs like Silicon Valley and a strong demand for advanced technologies such as AI and cloud computing. Europe is characterized by robust regulatory frameworks and significant investments in digital transformation across sectors. Asia-Pacific is experiencing rapid growth, led by major markets like China and India, where increasing digital adoption and governmental initiatives are propelling ICT advancements.
The Middle East and Africa are witnessing steady expansion, driven by infrastructure development and growing internet penetration. Latin America and South America present emerging opportunities, with rising investments in digital infrastructure, though challenges like economic instability can impact growth. These regional differences highlight the need for tailored strategies in the global ICT market.
Regions
- North America
- LATAM
- West Europe
- Central & Eastern Europe
- Northern Europe
- Southern Europe
- East Asia
- Southeast Asia
- South Asia
- Central Asia
- Oceania
- MEA
Fastest Growing Region
North America
Dominating Region
Asia Pacific
|
Report Features
|
Details
|
|
Base Year
|
2023
|
|
Based Year Market Size (2023)
|
USD3Billion
|
|
Historical Period Market Size (2019)
|
USD1.5Billion
|
|
CAGR (2023 to 2030)
|
20.30%
|
|
Forecast Period
|
2025 to 2030
|
|
Forecasted Period Market Size (2030)
|
USD13Billion
|
|
Scope of the Report
|
SiC, GaN, Power Modules, Power Devices, Power Electronics, Electric Vehicles, Industrial Equipment, Aerospace, Renewable Energy
|
|
Regions Covered
|
North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, South America, and MEA
|
|
Year on Year Growth
|
20.30%
|
|
Companies Covered
|
Cree, Wolfspeed, STMicroelectronics, ON Semiconductor, Infineon Technologies, Texas Instruments, Mitsubishi Electric, Fuji Electric, NXP, Broadcom, Renesas, Analog Devices, Vishay Intertechnology, ROHM
|
|
Customization Scope
|
15% Free Customization (For EG)
|
|
Delivery Format
|
PDF and Excel through Email
|
WBG Power Devices - Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Market Preface
- 1.1 Global WBG Power Devices Market Landscape
- 1.2 Scope of the Study
- 1.3 Relevant Findings & Stakeholder Advantages
Chapter 2: Strategic Overview
- 2.1 Global WBG Power Devices Market Outlook
- 2.2 Total Addressable Market versus Serviceable Market
- 2.3 Market Rivalry Projection
Chapter 3 : Global WBG Power Devices Market Business Environment & Changing Dynamics
-
3.1 Growth Drivers
-
3.2 Available Opportunities
-
3.3 Influencing Trends
-
3.4 Challenges
- 3.5 Regional Dynamics
Need only Qualitative Analysis? Get Prices
Sectional Purchase
Chapter 4 : Global WBG Power Devices Industry Factors Assessment
- 4.1 Current Scenario
- 4.2 PEST Analysis
- 4.3 Business Environment - PORTER 5-Forces Analysis
- 4.3.1 Supplier Leverage
- 4.3.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers
- 4.3.3 Threat of Substitutes
- 4.3.4 Threat from New Entrant
- 4.3.5 Market Competition Level
- 4.4 Roadmap of WBG Power Devices Market
- 4.5 Impact of Macro-Economic Factors
- 4.6 Market Entry Strategies
- 4.7 Political and Regulatory Landscape
- 4.8 Supply Chain Analysis
- 4.9 Impact of Tariff War
Chapter 5: WBG Power Devices : Competition Benchmarking & Performance Evaluation
- 5.1 Global WBG Power Devices Market Concentration Ratio
- 5.1.1 CR4, CR8 and HH Index
- 5.1.2 % Market Share - Top 3
- 5.1.3 Market Holding by Top 5
- 5.2 Market Position of Manufacturers by WBG Power Devices Revenue 2023
- 5.3 BCG Matrix
- 5.3 Market Entropy
- 5.4 Heat Map Analysis
- 5.5 Strategic Group Analysis
Chapter 6: Global WBG Power Devices Market: Company Profiles
- 6.1 Cree
- 6.1.1 Cree Company Overview
- 6.1.2 Cree Product/Service Portfolio & Specifications
- 6.1.3 Cree Key Financial Metrics
- 6.1.4 Cree SWOT Analysis
- 6.1.5 Cree Development Activities
- 6.2 Wolfspeed
- 6.3 STMicroelectronics
- 6.4 ON Semiconductor
- 6.5 Infineon Technologies
- 6.6 Texas Instruments
- 6.7 Mitsubishi Electric
- 6.8 Fuji Electric
- 6.9 NXP
- 6.10 Broadcom
- 6.11 Renesas
- 6.12 Analog Devices
- 6.13 Vishay Intertechnology
- 6.14 ROHM
- 6.15 TDK
To View a Complete List of Players? Inquiry Now
Sectional Purchase
Chapter 7 : Global WBG Power Devices by Type & Application (2019-2030)
-
7.1 Global WBG Power Devices Market Revenue Analysis (USD Million) by Type (2019-2023)
- 7.1.1 SiC
- 7.1.2 GaN
- 7.1.3 Power Modules
- 7.1.4 Power Devices
- 7.1.5 Power Systems
-
7.2 Global WBG Power Devices Market Revenue Analysis (USD Million) by Application (2019-2023)
- 7.2.1 Power Electronics
- 7.2.2 Electric Vehicles
- 7.2.3 Industrial Equipment
- 7.2.4 Aerospace
- 7.2.5 Renewable Energy
-
7.3 Global WBG Power Devices Market Revenue Analysis (USD Million) by Type (2023-2030)
-
7.4 Global WBG Power Devices Market Revenue Analysis (USD Million) by Application (2023-2030)
Chapter 8 : North America WBG Power Devices Market Breakdown by Country, Type & Application
- 8.1 North America WBG Power Devices Market by Country (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 8.1.1 United States
- 8.1.2 Canada
-
8.2 North America WBG Power Devices Market by Type (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 8.2.1 SiC
- 8.2.2 GaN
- 8.2.3 Power Modules
- 8.2.4 Power Devices
- 8.2.5 Power Systems
-
8.3 North America WBG Power Devices Market by Application (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 8.3.1 Power Electronics
- 8.3.2 Electric Vehicles
- 8.3.3 Industrial Equipment
- 8.3.4 Aerospace
- 8.3.5 Renewable Energy
- 8.4 North America WBG Power Devices Market by Country (USD Million) [2024-2030]
-
8.5 North America WBG Power Devices Market by Type (USD Million) [2024-2030]
-
8.6 North America WBG Power Devices Market by Application (USD Million) [2024-2030]
Looking for Section Purchase? Get Quote Now
Sectional Purchase
Chapter 9 : LATAM WBG Power Devices Market Breakdown by Country, Type & Application
- 9.1 LATAM WBG Power Devices Market by Country (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 9.1.1 Brazil
- 9.1.2 Argentina
- 9.1.3 Chile
- 9.1.4 Mexico
- 9.1.5 Rest of LATAM
-
9.2 LATAM WBG Power Devices Market by Type (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 9.2.1 SiC
- 9.2.2 GaN
- 9.2.3 Power Modules
- 9.2.4 Power Devices
- 9.2.5 Power Systems
-
9.3 LATAM WBG Power Devices Market by Application (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 9.3.1 Power Electronics
- 9.3.2 Electric Vehicles
- 9.3.3 Industrial Equipment
- 9.3.4 Aerospace
- 9.3.5 Renewable Energy
- 9.4 LATAM WBG Power Devices Market by Country (USD Million) [2024-2030]
-
9.5 LATAM WBG Power Devices Market by Type (USD Million) [2024-2030]
-
9.6 LATAM WBG Power Devices Market by Application (USD Million) [2024-2030]
Chapter 10 : West Europe WBG Power Devices Market Breakdown by Country, Type & Application
- 10.1 West Europe WBG Power Devices Market by Country (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 10.1.1 Germany
- 10.1.2 France
- 10.1.3 Benelux
- 10.1.4 Switzerland
- 10.1.5 Rest of West Europe
-
10.2 West Europe WBG Power Devices Market by Type (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 10.2.1 SiC
- 10.2.2 GaN
- 10.2.3 Power Modules
- 10.2.4 Power Devices
- 10.2.5 Power Systems
-
10.3 West Europe WBG Power Devices Market by Application (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 10.3.1 Power Electronics
- 10.3.2 Electric Vehicles
- 10.3.3 Industrial Equipment
- 10.3.4 Aerospace
- 10.3.5 Renewable Energy
- 10.4 West Europe WBG Power Devices Market by Country (USD Million) [2024-2030]
-
10.5 West Europe WBG Power Devices Market by Type (USD Million) [2024-2030]
-
10.6 West Europe WBG Power Devices Market by Application (USD Million) [2024-2030]
Chapter 11 : Central & Eastern Europe WBG Power Devices Market Breakdown by Country, Type & Application
- 11.1 Central & Eastern Europe WBG Power Devices Market by Country (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 11.1.1 Bulgaria
- 11.1.2 Poland
- 11.1.3 Hungary
- 11.1.4 Romania
- 11.1.5 Rest of CEE
-
11.2 Central & Eastern Europe WBG Power Devices Market by Type (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 11.2.1 SiC
- 11.2.2 GaN
- 11.2.3 Power Modules
- 11.2.4 Power Devices
- 11.2.5 Power Systems
-
11.3 Central & Eastern Europe WBG Power Devices Market by Application (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 11.3.1 Power Electronics
- 11.3.2 Electric Vehicles
- 11.3.3 Industrial Equipment
- 11.3.4 Aerospace
- 11.3.5 Renewable Energy
- 11.4 Central & Eastern Europe WBG Power Devices Market by Country (USD Million) [2024-2030]
-
11.5 Central & Eastern Europe WBG Power Devices Market by Type (USD Million) [2024-2030]
-
11.6 Central & Eastern Europe WBG Power Devices Market by Application (USD Million) [2024-2030]
Chapter 12 : Northern Europe WBG Power Devices Market Breakdown by Country, Type & Application
- 12.1 Northern Europe WBG Power Devices Market by Country (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 12.1.1 The United Kingdom
- 12.1.2 Sweden
- 12.1.3 Norway
- 12.1.4 Baltics
- 12.1.5 Ireland
- 12.1.6 Rest of Northern Europe
-
12.2 Northern Europe WBG Power Devices Market by Type (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 12.2.1 SiC
- 12.2.2 GaN
- 12.2.3 Power Modules
- 12.2.4 Power Devices
- 12.2.5 Power Systems
-
12.3 Northern Europe WBG Power Devices Market by Application (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 12.3.1 Power Electronics
- 12.3.2 Electric Vehicles
- 12.3.3 Industrial Equipment
- 12.3.4 Aerospace
- 12.3.5 Renewable Energy
- 12.4 Northern Europe WBG Power Devices Market by Country (USD Million) [2024-2030]
-
12.5 Northern Europe WBG Power Devices Market by Type (USD Million) [2024-2030]
-
12.6 Northern Europe WBG Power Devices Market by Application (USD Million) [2024-2030]
Chapter 13 : Southern Europe WBG Power Devices Market Breakdown by Country, Type & Application
- 13.1 Southern Europe WBG Power Devices Market by Country (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 13.1.1 Spain
- 13.1.2 Italy
- 13.1.3 Portugal
- 13.1.4 Greece
- 13.1.5 Rest of Southern Europe
-
13.2 Southern Europe WBG Power Devices Market by Type (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 13.2.1 SiC
- 13.2.2 GaN
- 13.2.3 Power Modules
- 13.2.4 Power Devices
- 13.2.5 Power Systems
-
13.3 Southern Europe WBG Power Devices Market by Application (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 13.3.1 Power Electronics
- 13.3.2 Electric Vehicles
- 13.3.3 Industrial Equipment
- 13.3.4 Aerospace
- 13.3.5 Renewable Energy
- 13.4 Southern Europe WBG Power Devices Market by Country (USD Million) [2024-2030]
-
13.5 Southern Europe WBG Power Devices Market by Type (USD Million) [2024-2030]
-
13.6 Southern Europe WBG Power Devices Market by Application (USD Million) [2024-2030]
Chapter 14 : East Asia WBG Power Devices Market Breakdown by Country, Type & Application
- 14.1 East Asia WBG Power Devices Market by Country (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 14.1.1 China
- 14.1.2 Japan
- 14.1.3 South Korea
- 14.1.4 Taiwan
- 14.1.5 Others
-
14.2 East Asia WBG Power Devices Market by Type (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 14.2.1 SiC
- 14.2.2 GaN
- 14.2.3 Power Modules
- 14.2.4 Power Devices
- 14.2.5 Power Systems
-
14.3 East Asia WBG Power Devices Market by Application (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 14.3.1 Power Electronics
- 14.3.2 Electric Vehicles
- 14.3.3 Industrial Equipment
- 14.3.4 Aerospace
- 14.3.5 Renewable Energy
- 14.4 East Asia WBG Power Devices Market by Country (USD Million) [2024-2030]
-
14.5 East Asia WBG Power Devices Market by Type (USD Million) [2024-2030]
-
14.6 East Asia WBG Power Devices Market by Application (USD Million) [2024-2030]
Chapter 15 : Southeast Asia WBG Power Devices Market Breakdown by Country, Type & Application
- 15.1 Southeast Asia WBG Power Devices Market by Country (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 15.1.1 Vietnam
- 15.1.2 Singapore
- 15.1.3 Thailand
- 15.1.4 Malaysia
- 15.1.5 Indonesia
- 15.1.6 Philippines
- 15.1.7 Rest of SEA Countries
-
15.2 Southeast Asia WBG Power Devices Market by Type (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 15.2.1 SiC
- 15.2.2 GaN
- 15.2.3 Power Modules
- 15.2.4 Power Devices
- 15.2.5 Power Systems
-
15.3 Southeast Asia WBG Power Devices Market by Application (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 15.3.1 Power Electronics
- 15.3.2 Electric Vehicles
- 15.3.3 Industrial Equipment
- 15.3.4 Aerospace
- 15.3.5 Renewable Energy
- 15.4 Southeast Asia WBG Power Devices Market by Country (USD Million) [2024-2030]
-
15.5 Southeast Asia WBG Power Devices Market by Type (USD Million) [2024-2030]
-
15.6 Southeast Asia WBG Power Devices Market by Application (USD Million) [2024-2030]
Chapter 16 : South Asia WBG Power Devices Market Breakdown by Country, Type & Application
- 16.1 South Asia WBG Power Devices Market by Country (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 16.1.1 India
- 16.1.2 Bangladesh
- 16.1.3 Others
-
16.2 South Asia WBG Power Devices Market by Type (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 16.2.1 SiC
- 16.2.2 GaN
- 16.2.3 Power Modules
- 16.2.4 Power Devices
- 16.2.5 Power Systems
-
16.3 South Asia WBG Power Devices Market by Application (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 16.3.1 Power Electronics
- 16.3.2 Electric Vehicles
- 16.3.3 Industrial Equipment
- 16.3.4 Aerospace
- 16.3.5 Renewable Energy
- 16.4 South Asia WBG Power Devices Market by Country (USD Million) [2024-2030]
-
16.5 South Asia WBG Power Devices Market by Type (USD Million) [2024-2030]
-
16.6 South Asia WBG Power Devices Market by Application (USD Million) [2024-2030]
Chapter 17 : Central Asia WBG Power Devices Market Breakdown by Country, Type & Application
- 17.1 Central Asia WBG Power Devices Market by Country (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 17.1.1 Kazakhstan
- 17.1.2 Tajikistan
- 17.1.3 Others
-
17.2 Central Asia WBG Power Devices Market by Type (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 17.2.1 SiC
- 17.2.2 GaN
- 17.2.3 Power Modules
- 17.2.4 Power Devices
- 17.2.5 Power Systems
-
17.3 Central Asia WBG Power Devices Market by Application (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 17.3.1 Power Electronics
- 17.3.2 Electric Vehicles
- 17.3.3 Industrial Equipment
- 17.3.4 Aerospace
- 17.3.5 Renewable Energy
- 17.4 Central Asia WBG Power Devices Market by Country (USD Million) [2024-2030]
-
17.5 Central Asia WBG Power Devices Market by Type (USD Million) [2024-2030]
-
17.6 Central Asia WBG Power Devices Market by Application (USD Million) [2024-2030]
Chapter 18 : Oceania WBG Power Devices Market Breakdown by Country, Type & Application
- 18.1 Oceania WBG Power Devices Market by Country (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 18.1.1 Australia
- 18.1.2 New Zealand
- 18.1.3 Others
-
18.2 Oceania WBG Power Devices Market by Type (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 18.2.1 SiC
- 18.2.2 GaN
- 18.2.3 Power Modules
- 18.2.4 Power Devices
- 18.2.5 Power Systems
-
18.3 Oceania WBG Power Devices Market by Application (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 18.3.1 Power Electronics
- 18.3.2 Electric Vehicles
- 18.3.3 Industrial Equipment
- 18.3.4 Aerospace
- 18.3.5 Renewable Energy
- 18.4 Oceania WBG Power Devices Market by Country (USD Million) [2024-2030]
-
18.5 Oceania WBG Power Devices Market by Type (USD Million) [2024-2030]
-
18.6 Oceania WBG Power Devices Market by Application (USD Million) [2024-2030]
Chapter 19 : MEA WBG Power Devices Market Breakdown by Country, Type & Application
- 19.1 MEA WBG Power Devices Market by Country (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 19.1.1 Turkey
- 19.1.2 South Africa
- 19.1.3 Egypt
- 19.1.4 UAE
- 19.1.5 Saudi Arabia
- 19.1.6 Israel
- 19.1.7 Rest of MEA
-
19.2 MEA WBG Power Devices Market by Type (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 19.2.1 SiC
- 19.2.2 GaN
- 19.2.3 Power Modules
- 19.2.4 Power Devices
- 19.2.5 Power Systems
-
19.3 MEA WBG Power Devices Market by Application (USD Million) [2019-2023]
- 19.3.1 Power Electronics
- 19.3.2 Electric Vehicles
- 19.3.3 Industrial Equipment
- 19.3.4 Aerospace
- 19.3.5 Renewable Energy
- 19.4 MEA WBG Power Devices Market by Country (USD Million) [2024-2030]
-
19.5 MEA WBG Power Devices Market by Type (USD Million) [2024-2030]
-
19.6 MEA WBG Power Devices Market by Application (USD Million) [2024-2030]
Chapter 20: Research Findings & Conclusion
- 20.1 Key Findings
- 20.2 Conclusion
Chapter 21: Methodology and Data Source
-
21.1 Research Methodology & Approach
- 21.1.1 Research Program/Design
- 21.1.2 Market Size Estimation
- 21.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
-
21.2 Data Source
- 21.2.1 Secondary Sources
- 21.2.2 Primary Sources
Chapter 22: Appendix & Disclaimer
- 22.1 Acronyms & bibliography
- 22.2 Disclaimer
